Which medications are commonly prescribed for managing spasticity in multiple sclerosis patients?

Baclofen and tizanidine are commonly prescribed for managing spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis due to their muscle relaxant properties. Spasticity is a frequent symptom of multiple sclerosis, characterized by muscle stiffness and involuntary muscle spasms, which can significantly impact mobility and daily activities.

Baclofen works by acting as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist, which helps inhibit excessive firing of motor neurons in the spinal cord. This action effectively reduces muscle tone and alleviates spasms. Tizanidine, on the other hand, is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that also reduces spasticity through central nervous system action; it inhibits the presynaptic release of excitatory neurotransmitters, leading to a decrease in muscle stiffness and spasm incidents.

The other medication options listed are not primarily used for the management of spasticity. Modafinil and armodafinil serve as wakefulness-promoting agents, primarily prescribed for fatigue in MS rather than spasticity. Aspirin and ibuprofen are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that reduce pain and inflammation but do not address the underlying spasticity. Interferons and steroids are used to