What role do TH2 cells play after TH1 cell activation?

TH2 cells play a critical role in regulating the immune response that follows TH1 cell activation. After TH1 cells are activated, which are primarily involved in pro-inflammatory responses, TH2 cells can be activated and help modulate these processes. The statement that TH2 cells are presented with myelin protein highlights their function in recognizing antigens, which can include myelin components in the context of multiple sclerosis. By presenting myelin protein, TH2 cells can facilitate a more balanced immune response, promoting B cell activity and antibody production while also encouraging regulatory mechanisms that can counterbalance the inflammation initiated by TH1 cells.

This interplay is important in the context of multiple sclerosis, where the immune system mistakenly targets myelin. The shift towards TH2 responses can help in protecting against excessive damage and may promote repair mechanisms within the nervous system. In essence, while TH1 cells activate aggressive immune responses, TH2 cells work to steer the immune activity towards a more anti-inflammatory and potentially reparative direction.