What role do T cells play in Multiple Sclerosis?

T cells play a critical role in the pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) by mediating immune responses that lead to injury of myelin and neurons. In MS, autoreactive T cells become activated and infiltrate the central nervous system. Once inside, they can trigger inflammatory processes that result in the destruction of myelin, which is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system. This demyelination disrupts communication between nerve cells and can lead to various neurological symptoms.

The involvement of T cells in the immune response is central to the autoimmune nature of MS, as these cells mistakenly target the body's own tissues. They orchestrate inflammation by releasing cytokines that attract other immune cells, exacerbating the damage to myelin and adjacent neuronal structures. This mechanism is a key factor in the progression and exacerbation of the disease.

While the other options present plausible functions of T cells in different biological contexts, they do not accurately reflect the specific role T cells play in the pathology of Multiple Sclerosis. Myelin production enhancement, tissue healing, and pathogen elimination are not the primary functions attributed to the T cells in the context of MS, where their role in inducing damage is much more prominent.