How does scarring form in Multiple Sclerosis?

In Multiple Sclerosis (MS), scarring primarily occurs due to the damage and subsequent degeneration of myelin, which is the protective sheath surrounding nerve fibers in the central nervous system. This process is commonly referred to as demyelination. When the myelin is damaged, it triggers an inflammatory response, leading to the formation of lesions or plaques. As these lesions heal or become chronic, they form scar tissue, known as sclerosis. This scarring disrupts normal nerve conduction, contributing to the neurological symptoms experienced by individuals with MS.

The formation of sclerosis from damaged myelin is a hallmark of MS and distinguishes it from other neurological disorders. Understanding this process is essential for recognizing the underlying pathophysiology of the disease and its impact on the nervous system.

Other options mention mechanisms that either do not directly relate to the formation of scarring in MS or involve processes that do occur in other conditions but are not specifically representative of the MS disease process.